Your PC is capable of running 4 threads and 4 "virtual" threads at any given nano-second. Btw, the ThreadPool has changed dramatically with . In your case, you have two sockets, each containing a 14-core Xeon E5-2690 v4 CPU, and since that supports hyper-threading with two threads, each core can. As the Intel documentation states, each one of those CPUs contains 20 physical cores (the Core (s) per socket line) which gives a total of 40 physical cores. So Julia doesn’t “assign 1 thread per core”. So, I can guess, 2048/128 = 20 threads are. 1. Note that the OS may have many threads to run, but the CPU can only run X such tasks at a given time, where X = number cores * number of hardware threads per core. Threads employed in a CPU core are used to fill different execution units by dynamic scheduling. The global interpreter lock heavily neuters Python threads. Linux implements max number of threads per process indirectly!! number of threads = total virtual memory / (stack size*1024*1024) Thus, the number of threads per process can be increased by increasing total virtual memory or by decreasing stack size. Check CPU cores with lscpu command in Linux. For more , refer this answer, to get interpretation of /proc/cpuinfo refer thisHow effective it is depends on the type of threads (programs, sub-programs) you're running. c. </p> <p dir=\"auto\">The default is fp16. Figure 1 below shows a server with 2 processors, each with 8 cores, each core with 8 hardware threads: Figure 1: A system with 2 processors, 8 cores per processor and 8 threads per coreHence the default number of threads is the number of physical CPU cores as described here. The CPU Threads Utilization metric collects CPU thread diagnostics for Oracle Solaris and Linux targets, useful for analysis of multi-threaded CPUs. Look at the OS system call reference manual. py. In other words, a task cannot be split across multiple nodes. Given the timing, I recommend that you perform initialization once per process/thread and reuse the process/thread for running inference. 7 29492 29494 1 51. 3. CPU Core – The subcomponent of the CPU that includes the L1 cache and executes instructions. Total Number of CPUs. There is no maintained thread, core, or processor affinity (hence my prior question). 0005 - LR Scheduler: Cosine with restarts - LR warmup. A single core of one of these cpus may be faster than an 8 core. Therefore the max thread count is 96 and max core count. LORA SETTINGS: - LoRA type: Standard - Train batch size: 2 - Epoch: 12 ( This can be whatever you want. Processes have threads. 1. Number of CPU cores: You can customize the number of CPU cores for the instance. 0. Press the Ctrl + Shift + Esc keys simultaneously to open the Task Manager. 0 64 bit, 250 per core in . And then execute like this:The formula for calculating the max capacity of your web server. Patrick_3000; Sep 4, 2023; Virtualization; Replies 3 Views 603. is a basic unit of CPU utilization, consisting of a program counter, a stack, and a set of registers, ( and a thread ID. core = Core() Under the line, self. The total number of CPU(s): 32 (Since number of threads per core is 2) As @Durga mentioned , the nproc gives total number of CPUs. one thread per core may degrade performance and is generally not. Otherwise you'd call it a 32 core CPU. The number of logical core per computing node is 2x20x2=80 which also matches with the number of "CPU" reported. If you have 4 cores and 2 sockets, then you have 8. While the GPU metrics are not included by default, you can add these by using the gpumon utility. • CPU: used in some Oracle Solaris commands this is another name for a hardware thread. Instead, Tumbler focuses on dealing with load imbalance across CPUs because different threads impose different load on the CPU – this imbalance is present even when number of threads is a multiple of number of cores. venv/bin/accelerate-launch --num_cpu_threads_per_process 12 lora_train_popup. e. A thread is a set of instructions or code for the execution of concurrent programming. 9 (PSR is CPU id the thread is currently assigned to) you see that the threads are running on the same cpu core (because of GIL)is the correct way to request N cores for a job. If your GPU has 448 cores, it’s not a compute capability 2. See the man pages or try the following for sbatch. , with OpenMP) per core. For example, high end ARM cores can dual or triple issue. We compare solution time vs number of Slurm tasks (available cores) for a Method of Manufactured Solutions Allen-Cahn problem. g. An example of this text might appear as: <lora:myLora:1>, three parts seperated by a colon. If your GPU has 448 cores, it’s not a compute capability 2. For example, an eight-core CPU appears as a single. #SBATCH --sockets-per-node=2 #SBATCH --cores-per-socket=16. For the coding aspect, the number of execution resources is going to vary greatly depending on the program I am developing. Check out the multiprocessing library. Each individual device has different optimal DOP's (magnetic disk = 1, SSD at least 4, network much higher). If your CPU has 6 cores, 6 threads can run simultaneously but many threads are idle much of the time, waiting for I/O, say, and even if they're logically active the O/S can do time sharing between them. On a Hexacore with 2 Threads per Core this would be 12 logical cores then afaik. Intel Core i5 processors don't support Hyper-Threading, which means they, too, can work with four threads at the same time. You can define blocks which map threads to Stream Processors (the 128 Cuda Cores per SM). Most gaming cpus are hyper-threaded at 2 threads per core. Only if your application is highly unusual and spending 100% of its time using the CPU would limiting to one thread per core make sense. Net threadpool has up to 250 threads available per processor. Optimal number of threads per core. Let’s check the number of processors available on the system using the nproc utility: $ nproc --all 8. Simultaneous multi-threading, called Hyper-Threading by Intel, splits each physical core into two logical processors. Up to **8 cores** per processor Up to **16 threads per processor** with Intel® Hyper-threading 2. In most architectures (like Intel), there are two threads (conveyor belts) for each CPU core. You might do this to potentially optimize the licensing costs of your software with an instance that has sufficient amounts of RAM for memory-intensive workloads but fewer CPU cores. But be aware that, unless you have another processor, it may crash or give you slow performance, since you need some processing power for the main OS. Method 1: Check Number of CPU Cores Using Task Manager. 12 core is physical and 12 core is hyper threading. Typically I see a 4:1 to 6:1 in the field. An example of this text might appear as: <lora:myLora:1>, three parts seperated by a colon. This trend—ever more cores per processor and more processors per server—is expected to. There are some articles telling that M:N threading model is best used with N as the number of CPU cores (here is an example). </p> <h3 tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"user-content-number-of-cpu-threads-per-core\" dir=\"auto\"><a class=\"heading-link\" href=\"#number-of-cpu-threads-per-core\">Number of CPU threads per core<svg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1. A core is allow to exec 2 thread concurrently. Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode (s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU (s): 2 On-line CPU (s) list: 0,1 Thread (s) per core: 1 Core (s) per socket: 2 Socket (s): 1 NUMA node (s): 1 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel CPU family: 6 Model: 79 Model name: Intel (R) Xeon (R) Platinum 8180 CPU @ 2. runtime. ) still require you to observe some issues mentioned in responses above, such as setting OMP_PLACES=cores OMP_NUM_THREADS=6 for the CPU you described. If you want to push the whole processor, use the following config: Number of processors: 1. Parameters Core Threads; Definition: CPU cores mean the actual hardware component. The ACCRE cluster features 8-core and 12-core nodes, so a user can request up to 12 CPU cores per task. Only set if the --cpus-per-task option is specified. It means once a thread is busy with the floating point other threads may find ALU idle. , 8 core) it will have 16 threads and vice-versa. Or you can use a single command: lscpu -p | grep . In particular Intel's Hyperthreading often doesn't help with CPU-bound threads. cpu. The second indicates the LoRA file name, the third indicates the LoRA strength. 27 In Java, is there a programmatic way to find out how many concurrent threads are supported by a CPU? Update To clarify, I'm not trying to hammer the CPU. Learning 1: Your VRAM matters more than anything. So, you don't have 56 physical processors, but rather a combination of sockets, cores and hyper-threading. Number of CPU threads per coreは自分のCPUに合わせてください。 Learning rateは1. Run () internally uses CLR's thread pool which will throttle the number of new threads to avoid CPU over-subscription. On old microprocessor chip with 1 core and no SMT, it was true that one thread was running at a time and context switches was used to execute. This means they are either 4 cores without SMT (1 thread per core) or dual cores with SMT (2 threads per core). You host OS will decide which physical CPU to run the virtual CPU on. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. e. hence the 8 "logical" cores. Mac OS has been slower to migrate to SMT than Windows. As per hyper-threading only 2 threads can execute simultaneously, how is it even possible that we set a default. The nproc command shows the number of processing units available on your Linux machine, run: $ nproc. You can define grids which maps blocks to the GPU. Basically, the higher the number, the higher the training efficiency. Even with the specs of 2 cores and 4gb ram, it is a lot faster than my machine that has the exact same specs, except I don't know the speed of the core itself. it runs as fast as 1. Optimal number of virtual CPUs, cores, and threads. Other Options ; precision ; The precision for merge calculation can be specified from float, fp16, and bf16. These tasks are usually software processes and threads that the OS schedules. g. Open the terminal and run this command lscpu. they're 100% cpu-bound) then 1 thread per core is the optimal. The core count is the physical number of cores on the CPU die itself, whereas the thread count is the number of individual application threads which can be executing simultaneously on the CPU itself. important: threads (HT) don't count! If you would do as you have mentioned then your ratio is 1:1. Note that the performance of an HPC machine is not directly related with the number of cores. regnodes. From the terminal, type the lscpu command to display information about the CPU architecture. The WX models. Intel (the most. A thread is a set of instructions or code for the execution of concurrent programming. For CPU-bound threads the resource is usually one CPU core. Sorted by: 2. Each of the 4 main worker threads launches a physical core number (56) of threads, launching a total of 56x4 = 224 threads, which is more than the total number. Output: 2 x 4 x 1 = 8. , 8 core) it will have 16 threads and vice-versa. 2 threads (i. 5 thread per cpu core. Now I know that codespaces will have no bulky apps or gui that does increases it's speed, but still that would not be this. Some processers, however, will have more threads than they. Using the process ID, you can read the status file for the number of threads that particular process has created. e. LoRA trained with v1 and LoRA trained with v2, and LoRA with different number of dimensions cannot be merged. 1. A normal PC only have one socket. The lscpu command has a. </p> <ul. Open Task Manager (press Ctrl+Shift+Esc) Select Performance tab. (Number of the core of a node is = number of sockets * number of cores) Now do it for all nodes and add them. A core is calculated as follows: Sum of (Total number of the core under each node) To calculate the total number of the core of each node = CPU SOCKET* CPU CORE . ) Traditional ( heavyweight ) processes have a single thread of control - There is one program counter, and one sequence of instructions that can be carried out at any given time. , F2, Del, or Esc) during startup, depending on your computer’s manufacturer. Your 4C/8T example is the same as my system. 001-0. CPU Threading Modes and. Working: The thread. The CPU requirement for the GPQT (GPU) based model is lower that the one that are optimized for CPU. CPU Threads. Press the Ctrl + Shift + Esc keys simultaneously to open the Task Manager. The actual optimal number of threads for a given application depends on. Below is an example of a multithreaded program requesting 4 CPU cores per task. The CPU, or processor, manages the fundamental computational work of the computer. is always based on the first CPU only. js. 1 Answer. Number of CPU threads per core. Number of partitions to use is situational. This includes the set of nodes in the. NET 2. , 2 cores) it will have 4 threads. 1 to 1. Number of CPU threads per core. Solution. eg; "8 cores 16 threads" == 8 CPUs and 16 sets of registers (2 per core). In computing parlance, this can be seen as a system with 16 CPUs that lists CPUs by CPU number. Is there a CPU with 128 cores? There is no CPU with 128 cores. Number of cores and threads per CPU. However, allocated memory per cpu. Replace 16 with the number of threads your CPU has, if you have more or less. cores_per_package = 6 hw. Choose either 1 or 2 processors, and an appropriate number of cores per processor. Math Geek. U-Net only LoRA and U-Net+Text Encoder LoRA should be able to merge, but the result is unknown. jl to pin threads to specific cores (only works on Linux). py. Let's investigate my server to determine its number of CPUs. Single thread per CPU can easily get you 100% utilization as long as it actually does CPU work. If you have a workload that can scale to this many cores/threads, then a 16c/32t CPU should typically be faster than a 16c CPU, but slower than a 32c CPU. For example if your system has 8 cores/16 threads, use -t 8. 4-bit, 8-bit, and CPU inference through the transformers library ; Use llama. . torch_xla. 1 39:44 How I'm picking a checkpoint to generate a full model . A CPU may have one or more cores to perform tasks at a given time. Here is what I see: 8. It allows you to write asynchronous code that takes advantage of rust async/await, but it doesn't use helper threads anywhere. . 1) 2048 threads per SM and 128 32 bit floating point operations per clock cycle. Then I called set_num_threads(8) and set_num_interop_threads(8), and then performed benchmark. If you're trying to utilize all your cores optimally, Python threading won't help you with that. Note that Hyperthreading does not enjoy SIMD on both threads. if you give 2 cores to the vm as suggested above that does not mean 2 physical cores but could actually be a single core and both of its possible. For a Mule runtime sitting on a 2 core CPU with 1 Gig machine or container,. Your code is. The nproc command shows the number of processing units available on your Linux machine, run: $ nproc. The output shows only a single ( 1) core is present in the system. MySQL 5. , running 11 threads on 8 cores). For example, if a CPU is dual core (i. In this section, we’ll see how we can get the immediate thread count information of a process. This no longer seems to work for TrueNAS 12. If there are more threads, then time slicing is used to switch between. Too Many Threads Hurts. Click Edit. you request 32 core per socket, which is per physical CPU. topology. You can view the efficiency and the metrics for each CPU thread. I know I have 20 threads. The number of active threads per core on AMD hardware is 4 to up to 10, depending on the kernel code (key word: occupancy). g. 1 Answer. On a fully loaded GPU, there are many more. LoRA trained with v1 and LoRA trained with v2, and LoRA with different number of dimensions cannot be merged. SLURM_CPUS_PER_TASK Number of cpus requested per task. Each vCPU is a thread of a CPU core, except for T2 instances and instances powered by AWS Graviton2 processors. Under the System section, you will see the number of cores listed next to the Processor field. Think of the core like a brain. A. However, some CPUs will have more threads than cores. Open Task Manager (press Ctrl+Shift+Esc) Select Performance tab Look for Cores and Logical Processors (Threads) Through Windows Device Manager: Open. Follow the steps. If there are more threads, then time slicing is used to switch between. In the BIOS, navigate to the “CPU” or “Processor” section to see the number of threads. The --cpus setting defines the number of CPUs a container may use. Restrict node selection to nodes with at least the specified number of threads per core. This is the same as the core count and requires no additional hardware. Using more than . When a task is executed on the CPU, it is divided into multiple threads that can be executed simultaneously on different cores or virtual cores, depending on the number of logical processors available. 8. On a fully loaded GPU, there are many more. 32xlarge: 64: 64: 1: Further Reading. Introduction to Per Core Licensing With the release of Microsoft SQL Server 2012, Microsoft server licensing shifted the measure of computing power from. The next natural impulse is to find out how many cores your CPU has. The amount of time spent by all CPUs in different frequencies for Oracle Solaris. The second indicates the LoRA file name, the third indicates the LoRA strength. In the BIOS, navigate to the “CPU” or “Processor” section to see the number of threads. execute one thread while the other is waiting on a cache miss). Each core is its own processor. (std::hardware_concurrency - 1) is a good thread count. SDXL LoRA, 30min training time, far more versatile than SD1. This means your processor can support 8 threads. 20 threads by core of processor is a good number? No. cpus () method to get an array of objects containing information about each logical CPU core. Threads per core: You can disable multithreading by specifying a single thread per CPU core. When you change the instance type of an existing instance, the CPU options automatically change to the default CPU options for the new instance type. Typically, the number of threads the run truly concurrently is determined by the number of CPUs and CPU cores (including hyper threading) you have. On-line CPU(s) list: 0-23 Thread(s) per core: 2 Core(s) per socket: 6 Socket(s): 2 NUMA node(s): 2 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel CPU family: 6 Model: 44. caches or FPUs. and setting defaults: threads_count = mono_cpu_count () * threads_per_cpu; threadpool->limit_worker_min = threadpool->limit_io_min = threads_count; So for mono looks like thread pool takes number of cores into account only for validating max number of threads: max number of threads cannot be less than. g. The number of threads a system can execute simultaneously is (of course) identical to the number of cores in the system. Only 50% of available CPU cores which kind of explains why CPU load was at 50%. A lot more tensor cores. 3 billion transistors Compare this to single-CPU, single core systems where each thread must be scheduled and at most only one thread will be active - that one running CPU bound task and the others waiting on an I/O transfer. And on both times it uses 5GB to load the model and 15MB of RAM per token in the prompt. The number of logical cores, which equals “Thread(s) per core” × “Core(s) per socket” × “Socket(s)” i. each core can potentially do hyperthreading (usually 2 threads per core). from a custom topology. Operating Systems: Threads. Click Edit. Optimizer extra argumentsは"betas=(0. However, this is not something you should care about at all. 50GHz Stepping: 0 CPU MHz: 2494. To disable multithreading, specify one thread per core. Am running this on a local instance on a desktop with an AMD CPU and a 3060 (non-TI) which has 12GB of VRAM. In a general use case then, if the total amount of threads. pt file You can try running it now with accelerate launch --num_cpu_threads_per_process 12 lora_train_command_line. Introduction: One can obtain the number of CPUs or cores in Linux from the command line. Thus you will get a total of 24 CPUs on a single node. NET 4. py. 7. 3. Lets say you started 30 threads and OS is also running 50 threads, all 80 threads will share 4 CPU cores by getting CPU time slice one by one (one thread per core at a time). The command ps displays information about current active processes on the computer. The "Virtual CPUs per core 32" section applies to the total number of vCPUs of ALL VMs combined per physical CPU core. In IIS the processor limit per core is set to default value of 20, logically allowing more requests to be processed concurrently per core. Change -t 10 to the number of physical CPU cores you have. so wasn't found, figure out where it is and set an environment variable called whatever you want with the directory where it is. g. g. From what I can tell, i5 CPUs are those which have 4 threads. as all know lscpu give the info about number of CORE and number of Thread. The global interpreter lock heavily neuters Python threads. A single modern CPU typically has multiple cores. Windows 11 Professional supports 2 processors. An example of this text might appear as: <lora:myLora:1>, three parts seperated by a colon. Or, CPU performance can be optimized for CPU-bound workloads by tuning CPU cores to maximize the number of instructions per cycle (IPC). Mine is 3. Doing so would lock that thread at 100% CPU and waste resources. 2 cores). Each processor has 10 cores, each core being basically equivalent to a classic single-core CPU on its own. Network Alphaは128 Type venv\Scripts\accelerate. Alternatively, you could use the --mem-per-cpu option. So a processor with two cores will have four threads. Notation for CPUs : NAME (Cores/Threads, Single core frequency, Max Multi core frequency). For example, an eight-core CPU appears as a single CPU with 8 cores and. CPU Thread Handling allows hosts to run VMs with a total number of processor cores greater than number of cores in the host. The number of threads. Older POWER processors had only one thread per core/processor. You host OS will decide which physical CPU to run the virtual CPU on. In particular Intel's Hyperthreading often doesn't help with CPU-bound threads. So you might stop seeing speedups long before you are “using” all your cores. Modern hardware and OS combinations can easily handle thousands of them. for your purposes you have 4 cores which are capable of 2 threads per core. exe launch --num_cpu_threads_per_process 16 lora_train_popup. Linux Mint showing 1 thread per core in a 4 thread/core. Look for the “siblings” or “cpu cores” field to see the number of. So for single precision, we could say that 1 CPU core looks like 8 GPU core, making a 10-core CPU look like an 80 core GPU. Often, this will be the number of. Count of threads to reserve for system use. . 2. Multithreading: The ability of a central processing unit (CPU) (or a single core in a multi-core processor) to provide multiple threads of execution concurrently, supported by the operating system [3]. --sockets-per-node=S: Number of sockets in a node to dedicate to a job (minimum)--cores-per-socket=C: Number of cores in a socket to dedicate to a job (minimum)--threads-per-core=T: Number of threads in a core to dedicate to a. It will list the total number of cores and the number of logical processors if that number is different. Slurm has options to control how CPUs are allocated. In general performance was a bit faster, but some models started to work a bit slowly than at 50% of CPU. Ideally DW component executes on CPU_INTENSIVE which has a limited number of threads ( 2 thread per core). Each core of a CPU is capable of running 1 instruction at a time, though Hypertheading allows a partial execution of two instructions simultaneously. Returns. A single server CPU core can have 2 threads. A single modern CPU typically has multiple cores. The number of threads per CPU core during training. github","path":". g. 39:05 Training step speed, a certain number of seconds per iteration (IT) 39:25 Results after 5600 steps (350 epochs) - it was sufficient for SD 2. Sorted by: 0. CPU is maxed out when this happens because the code is mostly all in-memory and the only resources it accesses somewhat frequently is a ram-disk. If you have work that needs to be run, one common mechanism is to use a threadpool. 0 Task instances from the TPL. Users can check the number of threads by torch. The X models like the 2950X come with up to 16 cores and 32 threads and are designed for enthusiasts and gamers. 0 GHz base/boost while the E-cores weigh in at 2. More information F-16 VM CPU refer to this link. It corresponds to the following improvements in NovelAI's article (For Aspect Ratio Bucketing, I referred to NovelAI's code, but the final code is all original). From dedicated server's hyper-v interface, there is no option to set how many physical cores and how many logical cores for the created virtual machine. core = Core() add the following line of code: self. py. Each logical processor lets your operating system run two separate tasks. The ESP32 series employs either a Tensilica Xtensa LX6 microprocessor in both dual-core and single-core variations, Xtensa LX7 dual-core microprocessor or a single-core RISC-V microprocessor and includes built-in antenna. LoRAファイルに保存するウェイトデータのタイプを指定します。 floatは32ビット、fp16とbf16は16ビット単位です。下の二つの方がファイルサイズが小さく. #2. So: 2 Intel Xeon, 20 physical cores each one, 2 threads each core, gives a total of 80. It really depends. The term "Virtual Cores" or "Threads" stems from the idea of including multiple (independent) sets of registers for each physical CPU (core). import os from 'os'; // 👇️ if you use CommonJS require () // const os = require ('os') const cpuCores = os. Changing the instance type of an existing instance directly alters the CPU options to become the default CPU options. If I have an HT enabled on a 10-core system, I have 10 cores and 20 threads. This reduces the. A core is calculated as follows: Sum of (Total number of the core under each node) To calculate the total number of the core of each node = CPU SOCKET* CPU CORE . Threads are the virtual components or codes, which divides the physical core of a CPU into virtual multiple cores. More information please refer to this link. If you are executing your program on top of an OS, it should have calls that you can make that return various architectural information. The calculation is below: CPUs = Threads Per Core X Number of cores per socket X Number of CPU (Sockets). By default, the CPU is tuned for maximum throughput. Your answer depends upon what environment you are executing in. For multi-threaded tests, thread count of 2, 4, and 8 were tested. Good CPUs for LLaMA are Intel Core i9-10900K, i7-12700K, or Ryzen 9 5900x. To check the number of cores in Ubuntu, open the System Settings window and go to the Details tab. There can be multiple threads per core, usually 2. The core count refers to the actual number of cores on the CPU die, whereas the thread count refers to the total number of concurrently running application threads. In the business world many cpus have 8 threads per core, and all threads run at 100%. Now you can see the core_count is 2, and thread_count is 4, means threads_per_core is 2 (hyperthreading is enabled). 질문 Number of CPU threads per core 이건 뭔뜻이야? 느브리야야. Just note the differences with how the objects in memory are handled. How does linux decide which core a thread runs on? 0. So the only way to measure relative performance is with a workload. Sep 4, 2023. The /proc/cpuinfo file stores CPU and system architecture dependent items, for each supported architecture. 추천 0 비추천 0 댓글 0 조회수 320 작성일 2023-02-24 04:51:28. {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"":{"items":[{"name":". py. Linux Mint showing 1 thread per core in a 4 thread/core cpu. Simultaneous multi-threading, called Hyper-Threading by Intel, splits each physical core into two logical processors. {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"":{"items":[{"name":". That is, each thread will be provided with some non-zero time to run, and no particular. NET 2. For the purposes of Docker and Linux distros CPUs are defined as: CPUs = Threads per core X cores per socket X sockets. core. 4. It’s not possible to exceed the default number of vCPUs. Which means on average each core will run 80/4=20 threads concurrently. Share:SPARC T5 and M5 processors [2, 3]—which are based on the highly successful SPARC S3 core first seen in the SPARC T4 processor—feature scalability exceeding 1,000 high-performance hardware threads (HWTs) for processing. The code for a NAN contains a number of bits called a payload that can contain extra information. This can be useful for non-CPU-intensive workloads, where allowing a greater number of VMs to start can reduce hardware requirements (along with the associated benefits of easier management,. Virtual cores get mapped to operating system threads. Replace 16 with the number of threads your CPU has, if you have more or less. Each core supports Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology.